Clinical Features and Organ System Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

Siyu Zhang,Rongqi Wang,Yuemin Nan,Po Cui

doi:10.4236/jbm.2020.811007

Abstract

Objectives: To enhance understanding of COVID-19 in clinical characteristics, related organ system dysfunctions and therapies. Methods: We enrolled patients with COVID-19 admitted to two Chinese hospitals from 19 January 2020 to 15 March 2020 and collected demographic and clinical data. Results: We retrospectively enrolled 130 patients: 7 mild, 103 moderate, and 20 severe cases. Severe patients were older than mild/moderate patients (60.1 vs 52.9 years; P = 0.028) and had more comorbidities (85.0% vs 52.7%; p = 0.006). 116 patients (89.2%) were 2019-noval coronavirus RNA-positive with a median detectable time of 10 days. Obvious absorbed of pneumonia in chest imaging occurred in 20 days. The most common symptoms were fever (n = 87, 66.9%), cough (n = 74, 56.9%), fatigue (n = 73, 56.2%), and chest tightness (n = 54, 41.5%). The incidence of liver, kidney, heart, and coagulation dysfunction was 38.4%, 24.5%, 30.1%, and 24.6%, respectively. The most frequently used antiviral therapies were arbidol (n = 64, 49.2%), oseltamivir (n = 73, 56.2%), and Lianhua Qingwen (n = 73, 56.2%). All patients recovered being hospitalized with a median duration of 15 days. Conclusions: Middle-aged and elderly with comorbidities are more likely to be infected with COVID-19 and develop severe symptoms. The lung, liver, heart, kidney, and coagulation system all may sustain injury, especially in severe cases.

Highlights

We enrolled patients with COVID-19 admitted to two Chinese hospitals from 19 January 2020 to 15 March 2020 and collected demographic and clinical data
How coronavirus (COVID-19) spreads from person to person is unknown, but similar viruses can spread through cough droplets, close contact, aerosols, and potentially, other routes [3]
We referred to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury and the Expert Recommendations for Clinical Management of Myocardial Injury Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (First Edition), when we evaluated kidney and myocardial injuries, respectively [10] [11]

Summary

Introduction

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory illness caused. Cases have been reported in many other countries, and managing COVID-19 has become a global challenge regarding public health. Other organ-system dysfunctions (i.e., liver, kidney, cardiac, and coagulation systems) and death can occur in severe cases [4] [5] [6]. COVID-19-associated organ system dysfunction is known, but has not been reported in depth. Our objective in this study was to retrospectively describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory examination findings, radiological features, and related organ system dysfunctions of 130 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 symptoms at Wuhan Seventh Hospital and Jiangan mobile cabin hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China and to compare severe patients with mild- and moderate patients

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Discussion

Conclusion