Abstract

对北京儿童医院神经内科诊断的1例HPRT1基因突变致Lesch-Nyhan综合征患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。患儿,男,1岁2个月,因自幼发育落后就诊。体质量9.2 kg,头围44.0 cm,身长75.0 cm,兴奋时易全身用力,上下肢不自主舞动,面部表情刻板,流涎,竖头不稳,右上肢屈曲,手握拳,主动取物手指伸展困难,动作僵硬,1岁4个月出现频繁不自主咬手指,尿有机酸分析示尿酸增高(2.431 mmol/mmolCrn)。患儿及其父母外周血DNA进行全外显子组测序,结果示患儿携带X染色体HPRT1基因c.134G>A(p.Arg45Lys)半合子变异,经Sanger验证发现该变异遗传自患儿母亲。予低嘌呤饮食,加用别嘌呤醇片每次1/8片,每日2次,口服10 d后复查血尿酸降至正常水平。提示临床上如有发育落后、肌张力障碍并尿酸升高、自伤症状的患儿,应考虑Lesch-Nyhan综合征的可能。

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