Clinical factors correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery: A single center experience.

Abstract

We aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (BS), and to identify factors that might be associated with VDD. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving all consecutive patients scheduled for BS from 2017 to 2019. The exclusion criteria were missing data for vitamin D levels, intake of vitamin D supplements in the 3 months prior to serum vitamin D determination, and renal insufficiency. A total of 206 patients (mean age and body mass index [BMI] of 34.9±10.7years, and 44.3±6.99kg/m2, respectively) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for data analysis. VDD (<19.9ng/mL), severe VDD (<10ng/mL), and vitamin D insufficiency (20-29.9ng/mL) were present in 68.8%, 12.5%, and 31.2% of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between vitamin D levels and initial BMI, parathyroid hormone, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r=-0.280, p<0.05; r=-0.407, p=0.038; r=-0.445, p=0.005), respectively. VDD was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher BMI [-0.413±0.12, CI95% (-0.659; -0.167), p=0.006], whereas no significant association between hypertension [-1.005±1.65, CI95% (-4.338; 2.326), p=0.001], and diabetes type 2 (T2D) [-0.44±2.20, CI95% (-4.876; 3.986), p=0.841] was found. We observed significant association between female sex and levels of vitamin D [6.69±2.31, CI95% (2.06; 11.33), p=0.006]. The present study shows that in patients scheduled for BS, VDD deficiency is common and was associated with higher BMI, and female sex.