Abstract

Computed tomography (CT) is still the gold standard as imaging modality for treatment planning in radiation oncology. It yields a three-dimensional, exactly scaled matrix of quantitative data and can provide important information on radiation interaction properties correlating directly with X-ray absorption, which is essential for exact dose calculations. Its high spatial resolution often allows localization of the tumor and differentiation of organs that are close to the tumor and should be spared from irradiation. An additional advantage of CT-based treatment planning is ease of use with modern planning systems. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides spatial resolution comparable to third-generation CT scanners as well as superior soft-tissue contrast. MRI has proved particularly valuable in the depiction of neoplastic disease localized in the central nervous system, head and neck, mediastinum, pelvis, and musculoskeletal system. Although a definite role for MRI in pulmonary and abdominal imaging cannot yet be determined, the range of applications is increasing rapidly.

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