Abstract
BackgroundNowadays, short dental implants are being increasingly applied in extremely resorbed posterior regions. The recent studies have indicated that short implants present a similar success rate to conventional implants. It is assumed that short implants can avoid additional surgical morbidity and are less technically demanding. However, high-quality evidence (≥Ib: evidence from at least one randomized controlled trial) on comparing the clinical outcome of short implants and longer implants combined with osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique is limited.Methods/DesignThe proposed study is designed as a prospective single-center, three-arm parallel group, randomized controlled trial. We plan to enroll 150 patients in need of dental implant treatment in the posterior maxilla. The inclusion criteria include: age ≧18 years, partial edentulism in the posterior maxilla for at least 3 months from tooth loss, residual bone height ranging from 6 to 8 mm, sufficient bone width (≥6 mm) in the edentulous region. The patients will be divided into three groups according to a table of random numbers: group 1: short implants (6 mm) alone; group 2: short implants (8 mm) combined with osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE); group 3: standard implants (10 mm) combined with OSFE. The assignment will be concealed from the clinical operators until the beginning of implant surgery. The outcome examiners and patients will be kept blinded to the assignment. Implant survival rates, implant success rates, complications, resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measurements, marginal bone level, treatment time and patient-reported outcome (visual analogue scale for intraoperative discomfort and postoperative pain) will be recorded. Clinical re-evaluations will be performed at 12, 24, 36 and 60 months after crown placement.DiscussionThe results of the trial will support better decision-making for dental implant treatment in atrophic maxillary ridges. If favorable, the use of short implants may avoid adjunct procedures used for implant insertion, thus reducing operative time, complexity and postoperative discomfort.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02350075 (registered on 17 February 2015).
Highlights
Nowadays, short dental implants are being increasingly applied in extremely resorbed posterior regions
The results of the trial will support better decision-making for dental implant treatment in atrophic maxillary ridges
Implant treatment in the posterior maxilla is commonly faced with great challenges due to the limited residual bone height (RBH) and poor bone quality [1]
Summary
Implant treatment in the posterior maxilla is commonly faced with great challenges due to the limited residual bone height and poor bone quality. In 2013, our study demonstrated that high survival rates can be achieved after 5–10years for Straumann SLA Standard Plus short implants (6 or 8 mm) in the posterior region, without severe marginal bone loss and complications [18]. This result shows that Straumann short 6-mm implants are predictable and reliable in the posterior maxilla. Our previous studies have indicated that the OSFE technique is predictable and reliable in the posterior maxilla [16, 19].
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