Clinical Evaluation of Maxillary Anterior Teeth in Relation to Golden Proportion, Red Proportion and Golden Percentage

Anjana Maharjan,Sarita Joshi

doi:10.3126/jnhrc.v16i1.19382

Abstract

Golden proportion, recurrent esthetic dental proportion and golden percentage are the widely accepted tools to measure perceived mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth. Our study was aimed to identify appropriate tool among the above mentioned proportion to measure perceived mesiodistal width. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Nepalese Army Institute of Medical Sciences and Patan Academy of Health Sciences between March 2014 to March 2015.Sixty-three respondents were recruited in the study by the convenient sampling technique. Photographs of the maxillary anterior teeth were taken using digital single reflex camera with macrolens. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 17.0 and paired sample t- test was performed. In our study the golden proportion was 14.28% between central and lateral incisor and 12.69% between canine and lateral incisor. Therefore, golden proportion in our scenario doesn't exist. Recurrent esthetic dental proportion in female Aryans was 71 and 71 on left side and 71and 75 on right side. Golden percentage of respondents was near to values 11, 15, 22, 22, 15, and 12 %. Golden percentage is an appropriate anterior tooth proportion which may serve as a guideline for the restoration of anterior tooth. RED proportion is applicable only in Mongoloid female population.

Highlights

Creating harmonious proportion while restoring or replacing maxillary anterior teeth is difficult task in aesthetic dentistry.[1,2,3] If they are not in harmony, psychological and social problems might arise.[4,5,6] Golden Proportion(GP) has often been offered as cornerstone of smile design theory.[5,7,8] Lombardi suggested the application of GP in dentistry through his comprehensive article on esthetics.[9]
The result of the present study revealed the golden proportion was 14.28% between central and lateral incisor
This was similar to the study conducted by Fayyad et al.[16]. They studied the subjects with esthetic smile and evaluated the existence of golden proportion by measuring the mesio-distal width of six anterior teeth using frontal images of 376 individuals

Summary

Introduction

Creating harmonious proportion while restoring or replacing maxillary anterior teeth is difficult task in aesthetic dentistry.[1,2,3] If they are not in harmony, psychological and social problems might arise.[4,5,6] Golden Proportion(GP) has often been offered as cornerstone of smile design theory.[5,7,8] Lombardi suggested the application of GP in dentistry through his comprehensive article on esthetics.[9] The Golden Proportion mathematically denotes ratio of smaller to a larger.[10,11] Ward suggested Recurring Esthetic Dental (RED) proportion as the proportion of successive width of teeth remaining constant when progressing distally from the midline.[6,12] Snow recommended Golden percentage as the bilateral analysis of the width of six anterior teeth.[3] In context of Nepal Rokaya et al had conducted similar study and concluded that GP cannot be utilized and proposed the new proportion from their study as “Nepalese esthetic dental proportion”.13. Recurrent esthetic dental proportion and golden percentage are the widely accepted tools to measure perceived mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth. Our study was aimed to identify appropriate tool among the above mentioned proportion to measure perceived mesiodistal width

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion