Clinical Evaluation and Semen Analysis in Male Infertility - A Study on 100 Cases

Abstract

One of the important and underappreciated reproductive health problems in developing countries is the high rate of infertility and childlessness. A cross-sectional type of descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the male fertility status by the conventional semen analysis. This study was conducted in which 100 men with age ranged from 20 to 45 years of a primary and secondary infertile couple of more than one year, in the Infertility OPD of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka during October 2012 to March 2013. They were divided into two groups depending on the results of their semen analysis: 35 with abnormal semen and 65 with normal semen profile. The mean (±SD) age was 34.0±4.7 years in patients with abnormal semen and 33.9±5.6 years in patients with normal semen. Nearly one-third (31.42%) of the patients was a farmer in abnormal semen and 7.7% in normal semen. The majority (62.85%) of the abnormal semen patients worked in hot environments, STD was found 20.0% in patients with abnormal semen and 3.1% in patients with normal semen, mumps observed 8.6% in abnormal semen and 3.1% in normal semen patients. Surgical history was found 11.4% in abnormal semen and 1.5% in normal semen patients. Positive family history of infertility was found in 8.6% of abnormal semen patients but no positive family history of infertility was found in normal semen patients. Varicocele was found 25.7% in patients with abnormal semen and 21.5% in patients with normal semen. Primary subfertility was 91.4% in abnormal semen patients and 58.5% in normal semen patients. Farmer, hot working environment, STD, surgical history, positive family history, primary subfertility were significantly (p<0.05) higher in patients with abnormal semen. The highest number of patients were oligospermic (51.4) followed by azoospermia 22.9%, asthenozoospermia 17.1%, teratozoospermia 5.7% and aspermia 2.9%. Occupational exposure, STD, hot environment, past surgical history has a significant negative impact on male infertility.