Clinical efficacy of different surgical methods for treatment of displaced femoral neck fracture in elderly patients

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of internal fixation(IF) and total hip replacement (HA) for treatment of displaced femoral neck fracture in elderly patients. Methods Sixty-three cases with femoral neck fracture hospitalized in Chaoyang Central Hospital from January 2010 to January 2015 were selected as research subjects and were divided into IF group (33 cases) and HA group (30 cases) according to the different treatment methods.The patients in IF group were treated with internal fixation and the patients in HA group were treated with hip replacement.The duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, incidence of postoperative complication and reoperation rate in both groups were recorded.The hip function was evaluated by Harris score, and the hip function of the two groups was compared in 1 year, 2 years after operation. Results Compared with HA group, the patients in IF group had shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss and shorter hospitalization time ((0.8±0.3) h vs.(1.7±0.2) h; (110.9±9.9) ml vs.(587.2±35.7) ml; (16.4±2.0) d vs.(24.8±3.7)d), the differences among the two groups were statistically significant (P=0.041, 0.000, 0.038). Th incidence of long term postoperative complication was 27.3% (9/33) in IF group and was 10.0% (3/30) in HA group.The reoperation rate was 24.2% (8/33) in IF group and was 6.7%(2/30) in HA group.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P=0.045, 0.039). The excellent and good rates of hip joint function in HA group after 1 and 2 years after operation were 83.3% and 80.0%, and 63.6% and 57.6% in IF group in 1 and 2 years after operation respectively.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P=0.043, 0.042). Conclusion Internal fixation and hip replacement in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly effect have their own advantages and disadvantages.Internal fixation has the advantages of less trauma, less blood loss and rapid recovery, but the long-term complications and reoperation rates are higher than those in HA.The long-term clinical effect of HA for the treatment of femoral neck fracture in elderly patients is better than that of internal fixation and it is worthy of clinical promotion. Key words: Femoral Neck Fracture; Elderly Patients; Hip Replacement; Internal Fixation; Complication; Hip Joint Function