Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease, in which systemic inflammation plays a key role. This 6-month randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study evaluates the possible effect of natural preparation Inflaminat on clinical symptoms of COPD, indicators of respiratory function, and exacerbation frequency in 60 patients with moderate severity of COPD. Inflaminat is a combination of natural ingredients black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) berries, violet (Viola tricolor L.) herb, and calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) flowers. The preparation has been previously demonstrated to possess anticytokine and anti-inflammatory effects in experimental studies. In present study, COPD dynamics were evaluated by means of BCSS (Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scale) and spirometry tests. It was shown that 6-months Inflaminat administration led to significant decrease of BCSS points from 3.0 ± 0.6 to 1.9 ± 0.7, (p = 0.002) as well as significant increase of FEV1 from 66 ± 18% to 73 ± 17%, (p = 0.042); there were no beneficial dynamics in placebo group. Side effects associated with preparation administration were not identified. The results of the study suggest that Inflaminat may be employed in treatment of patients with moderate severity of COPD, since it has a positive effect on COPD symptoms according BCSS and indicators of respiratory function FEV1.
Highlights
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease, in which systemic inflammation plays a key role
The substudy measuring the effect on COPD as well as the substudy of the efficacy of Inflaminat in patients with reactive arthritis was prespecified in the trial protocol to evaluate anti-inflammatory effectiveness
The results of this study demonstrate that natural preparation Inflaminat had a positive effect on COPD parameters in patients with moderate severity of disease during long-term administration
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease, in which systemic inflammation plays a key role. The inflammatory response in COPD is determined by the activation of epithelial cell and macrophage dysfunction in the respiratory tract [1]. Multiple cytokines are implicated in chronic inflammation associated with COPD. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, amplify the inflammatory response [2,3]. Immunoreactive cells positive for interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α were detected in lung tissue of COPD patient significantly higher than in control group [6]. Recent studies have demonstrated that polymorphisms in proinflammatory genes are significantly associated with the susceptibility and severity of COPD [7,8]
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