Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the response to the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis using the diode laser as an adjuvant therapy in patients with implant-supported restorations, in terms of clinical variables, with respect to those patients in whom conventional non-surgical therapy is used. Material and Methods Randomized controlled clinical trial with simple blind 3 months follow-up. Two groups of patients were established, the non-surgical mechanical debridement of the affected implants was performed in the control group (n = 34) and the diode laser therapy was also performed in the test group (n = 34). The implant was considered the study subject; the variables considered were plaque index, bleeding on probing depth, depth of probing and recession of the peri-implant mucosa. The t-Student test was used to establish the intergroup statistical differences and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to measures intragroup differences over time. Results In the revaluation at 6 weeks, we observed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the variables of plaque index and depth of probing between both groups. The test group obtained an average of 0.248 ± 0.3155 in plaque index and 0.833 ± 0.374mm in the depth of probing compared to the results obtained in the control group that was 0.558 ± 0.526 and 1,137 ± 0.222mm respectively. In the 3-month reevaluation, was also obtained great statistical significance between both groups for bleeding on probing (p<0.001), with values of 0.568 ± 0.282 for the control group and 0.480 ± 0.336 for the test group. Conclusions The use of diode laser as an adjunctive therapy to the conventional treatment of peri-implant mucositis showed promising results, being more effective reducing the inflammation of the peri-implant tissue, positioning itself as a valuable tool for the treatment of peri-implant pathologies. Key words:Peri-implant diseases, peri-implant mucositis, laser therapy, diode laser, biostimulation.
Highlights
Since the 1990s, implantology has established as a new surgical discipline of dentistry [1]
According to the latest definition provided by the “Consensus report from 2017 World Workshop on Periodontology”, peri-implant mucositis is defined as an inflammatory process, which develops with edema and bleeding at probing at 30 seconds, induced by dental biofilm with absence of loss of bone after bone remodeling [1,4]
Recent studies have observed that diode laser acts on two fronts, against biofilm, the main etiological factor involved in peri-implant mucositis, through bacterial decontamination and in the regeneration of peri-implant tissues through the process of cell biostimulation [10, 11]
Summary
Since the 1990s, implantology has established as a new surgical discipline of dentistry [1]. The most common is a non-surgical approach, by mechanical debridement of the affected implants with plastic curettes [7] This conventional treatment has limitations in the resolution of peri-implant mucositis [8,9]. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the response to non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis through the use of diode laser as an adjunctive therapy in patients with implant-supported rehabilitation, in terms of clinical variables, respect to patients where conventional therapy is used. Two groups of patients were established, the non-surgical mechanical debridement of the affected implants was performed in the control group (n = 34) and the diode laser therapy was performed in the test group (n = 34). Conclusions: The use of diode laser as an adjunctive therapy to the conventional treatment of peri-implant mucositis showed promising results, being more effective reducing the inflammation of the peri-implant tissue, positioning itself as a valuable tool for the treatment of peri-implant pathologies
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