Clinical differentiation of psychopathological symptomatics in depressive, maniacal and mixed types of schizoaffective disorder in dynamics

Abstract

Aim of the research: conducting a comparative analysis of clinical and psychopathological features of depressive, manic and mixed types of schizoaffective disorder during active therapy at the time of the exacerbation of the disease.Materials and methods. In the course of the study, 110 patients with schizoaffective disorder (F 25 for MIC-10) who were treated at the 1 psychiatric department of the State Institution Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine for the period from 2000 to 2017 were examined. The average age of the surveyed patients was 26.0 ± 7.1, the mean duration of the disease was 5.0 ± 0.8 years.The first group consisted of 60 patients with schizoaffective disorder, depression type MKH-10 (F25.1) and the second group - 50 patients with manic and mixed type of schizoaffective disorder for MKH-10 (F25.0, F25.2).For the purpose of standardized assessment of psychiatric disorders and treatment effect, the PANSS scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Calgary Depression Scale (CDSS) were used. The assessment of the severity of psychopathological symptoms through these scales was performed four times during treatment in a hospital: at the first, second, third and fourth weeks of therapy. The analysis of the results was carried out with the help of methods of mathematical statistics (Student-Fisher test (t)). The data is given in the format M ± m, where M is the average value, and m is the standard error.Results. It was found that in patients with both depressive and manic and mixed types of SAD at the time of the 4th week of active treatment of exacerbation, which actually corresponds to the discharge from the hospital, there remain certain psychopathological manifestations that are revealed by the use of assessment techniques such as the PANSS scale, Young Manic Scale, Calgary Depression Scale. In the course of the study, presented in this article, it has been shown that the depressive type of SAD on the one hand, and manic and mixed on the other, have quite distinct differences in the dynamics of symptoms at the clinico-psychopathological level.Conclusions. Therefore, patients with schizoaffective disorder (SAD) after the quenching of acute psychotic symptoms need continued support therapy, aimed at both psychotic and affective residual manifestations