Clinical-diagnostic and prognostic significance of impairment of the fatty tissue biomarker in patients with obesity and disturbance of carbohydrate

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a complex of metabolic disorders, the main features of which are insulin resistance and insufficient of pancreatic cell function of varying severity. Objective — to study the clinical, diagnostic and prognostic value of the level of omentin in type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with excess body weight (EBW) and obesity. Material and methods. 98 people with diabetes mellitus were examined, the first group consisted of 64 people with EBW and obesity (body mass index > 25). The second group consisted of 34 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal body weight (body mass index ≤ 25). As a control, a group of 28 practically healthy individuals were examined, which were comparable to the first and second groups by gender and age. Results. The presence of type 2 diabetes, EBW and obesity in patients leads to a decrease in the marker of compensation for impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and a decrease in insulin resistance — omentine by 127.48% relative to patients with type 2 diabetes without EBW and obesity. Patients with glycated hemoglobin HbA1c values of more than 8% showed a decrease in omentin values compared with patients with compensated diabetes, the difference was more pronounced in patients with EBW and obesity (28.29%, p<0.05), in the absence of EBW and obesity the difference was 13.66%. An increase in the duration of type 2 DM led to a depression of the studied marker of omentin in patients with obesity by 39.24% (p<0.05), in the absence of obesity — by 25.95%. The development of the complicated course of type 2 DM in patients with obesity led to a decrease in the values of omentin by 51.09% (p<0.05), in the absence of obesity — by 13.39%. A high and very high cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 DM with obesity led to a difference in omentine values by 39.48% (p <0.05) in favor of high risk, and in patients without obesity — by 25.66%. Conclusion. Omentin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus depend on the presence of excess body weight and obesity in patients and on the characteristics of the clinical course of comorbidity, decreasing with the development of decompensation and complications.