Clinical, Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Osteoarthritis: Decreased Bone Density and Overweight

Abstract

A comprehensive study of 96 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) revealed that AA homozygotes prevail, the frequency of which is significantly higher than heterozygotes or homozygotes with the SS genotype (53.1 ± 5.1 %, 41.7 ± 5.0 % and 5, 2 ± 2.3 %, respectively; p <0.05). The frequency of homozygotes with the AA genotype significantly (almost 8–10 times; p <0.001) prevails over the frequency of SS homozygotes. The generalized WOMAC index in the patient groups was 48.8 ± 1.8 % and was large in AA homozygotes with a tendency to prevail in the severity structure of the manifestations of stiffness. Among homozygotes, AA have an increased body mass (BM) or obesity of 83.3 ± 4.8 %, among heterozygotes - 75.0 ± 6.8 %, among homozygotes of SS - 80.0 ± 19.1 % of people. The apelin content in the blood plasma of patients with OA depending on the BM and the variant polymorphism of the FDPS gene is characterized by the fact that with homozygosity SS, in the case of an increase in BM, the apelin content decreases, while with AA homozygosity it does not change significantly. The relationship between the FDPS gene polymorphism and the OA stage is characterized by the prevalence of more severe radiological signs of articular cartilage degradation among homozygous AA alleles.