Clinical Detection of Chronic Rhinosinusitis through Next-Generation Sequencing of the Oral Microbiota.

Ben-Chih Yuan,Yao-Tsung Yeh,Ching-Chiang Lin,Chih-Po Chiang,Cheng-Hsieh Huang,Hsueh-Chiao Liu

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8060959

Ben-Chih Yuan, Yao-Tsung Yeh + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060959

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Journal: Microorganisms	Publication Date: Jun 26, 2020
Citations: 14	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Fooyin University, Kaohsiung Medical University

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the chronic inflammation of the sinus cavities of the upper respiratory tract, which can be caused by a disrupted microbiome. However, the role of the oral microbiome in CRS is not well understood. Polymicrobial and anaerobic infections of CRS frequently increased the difficulty of cultured and antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to elucidate the patterns and clinical feasibility of the oral microbiome in CRS diagnosis. Matched saliva and nasal swabs were collected from 18 CRS patients and 37 saliva specimens from normal volunteers were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. The α-diversity of the saliva displayed no significant difference between control and CRS patients, whereas the β-diversity was significantly different (p = 0.004). Taxonomic indices demonstrated that Veillonella dispar, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Porphyromonas endodontalis were enriched, while Campylobacter and Cardiobacterium were reduced in the saliva of CRS patients. These microbial markers could significantly distinguish CRS patients from control (AUC = 0.939). It is noted that the 16S rRNA results of the nasal swab were consistent with the nasopharynx aerobic culture, and additionally detected multiple pathogens in CRS patients. In summary, these results indicated these oral microbiomes may provide a novel signal for CRS detection and that NGS may be an alternative approach for CRS diagnosis.

Highlights

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common upper respiratory tract disease, defined as a persistent inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinus mucosa for more than 12 weeks
This study aimed to investigate the patterns of the oral microbiome in CRS patients, providing a non-invasive approach for CRS detection with saliva
Fifty-five subjects were divided into three groups, including the control: Saliva from normal volunteers; species level. The CRS patients (SINS): saliva from CRS patients; and SINNS: nasal swab from the same CRS patients

Summary

Introduction

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common upper respiratory tract disease, defined as a persistent inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinus mucosa for more than 12 weeks. CRS is frequently caused by viral and bacterial infection, resulting in symptoms of nasal congestion/discharge, facial pain/pressure, and loss of smell. These symptoms severely impact the patient’s quality of life and work ability and cause an enormous economic burden [1,2]. When the number of polyps is too many or they become too large, they will further block the nasal cavity, preventing normal mucus discharge and worsening the infection. The therapeutic approach for CRS has been treatment with antibiotics, corticosteroids, saline lavage, and surgery [3]

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