Abstract
It is of interest to evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, clinical effectiveness, and safety of telmisartan as a monotherapy or as part of combination therapy in Indian adults (>18 years old) with hypertension. All patients were receiving telmisartan as monotherapy, or as a combination therapy for hypertension management. Demographics, risk factors, existing comorbidity, and ongoing medical therapies were retrieved from the patients’ medical records. A total of 8607 patients with hypertension (median age, 51.0 years) were part of the study. The gender distribution suggested, 5534(64.3%) patients were male, and 3073 (35.7%) were female patients. The excess salt intake (39.0%) was the most common risk factor according to the results. The analysis revealed telmisartan dual therapy (57.9%) as the most prescribed therapy, followed by monotherapy (32.5%), and triple therapy (9.6%). Further, telmisartan 40mg (21.3%) and telmisartan 40mg plus amlodipine 5mg (17.6%) were the most commonly prescribed therapies. The data suggested that only 17.2% of patients required dose titration. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mmHg) were significantly decreased with monotherapy (mean change: 19.8 [15.1] mmHg and 8.8[8.2] mmHg), dual therapy (mean change: 23.7 [16.6] mmHg and 10.3[8.5] mmHg), and triple therapy (mean change: 28.6 [19.0] mmHg and 12.1[10.8] mmHg) after the treatment (P<0.001). A total of 98.4% of the patients were compliant, and 97.6% achieved the target blood pressure goal with telmisartan-based therapy. There were 157 adverse events reported altogether. The Physicians' global evaluation of efficacy and tolerability showed the majority of the patients receiving telmisartan-based therapy on a good to excellent scale. Telmisartan used as a monotherapeutic agent or as a part of combination therapy was successful and effective in reducing blood pressure and achieving the blood pressure target. Irrespective of the patient’s age, duration, and stages of hypertension, the study resulted in a good to excellent scale in efficacy and tolerability in the Indian patients having hypertension.
Highlights
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the increasing global deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) [1] 230 million adults are suffering from hypertension in India [2]
The results further suggest that the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) significantly decreased after the monotherapy, dual therapy, and triple therapy of telmisartan
Another report conducted as a prospective, open-label, non-comparative, post-marketing surveillance analysis, suggested the dual combination therapy of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide/amlodipine was effective in SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reduction significantly for Indian hypertension patients [23]
Summary
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the increasing global deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) [1] 230 million adults are suffering from hypertension in India [2]. Study reports suggest that more than half of hypertension patients have uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) in India [3-4]. An increased prevalence of high blood pressure in young Indian adults has become a serious health concern [2-5]. Indian patients should be educated about the benefits of lifestyle modification, treatment, and compliances, which may help in achieving the targeted blood pressure control in the population [6]. ARBs as anti-hypertensive agents are the most common component of dual and triple therapies in India [2, 9, 10]. An ARB, because of its continual effectiveness, morning BP surge control, and prevention of microalbuminuria, nephropathy, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality [2]. It is of critical importance to conduct clinical data analysis of telmisartan for hypertension management in the Indian population
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