Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate correlation between plasma homocysteine and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indian patients. Methods: This study included 150 patients, 100 subjects in study group with angiographically diagnosed CAD and 50 subjects in control group with a normal coronary angiogram. In the study group, patients were divided into three subgroups viz.: CAD only, CAD with hypertension and CAD with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Plasma homocysteine, lipid profile and other risk factors were compared. Results: Mean homocysteine levels in study group (38.34 ± 15.25 μmol/L) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than control group (9.41 ± 4.22 μmol/L). No association was found between homocysteine level and conventional risk factors. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between plasma homocysteine and lipid components in different groups of patients. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that increased levels of homocysteine are independently related to CAD. However, further studies involving a larger sample size will be required to substantiate the findings of the current study.
Highlights
Coronary artery disease (CAD) has become a major public health problem in many countries
Plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in females than males in both the study and control groups (p < 0.001)
There was a significant increase in plasma homocysteine levels in group I: 36.760 ± 14.77 μmol/L, group II: 42.48 ± 18.99 μmol/L, group III: Table 1
Summary
Coronary artery disease (CAD) has become a major public health problem in many countries. According to the World Health Organization, CAD is the most common cause of death throughout the world [1]. India has been reported to have the highest prevalence of CAD [2]. The major cardiovascular risk factors are high plasma LDL (low-density lipoprotein), low plasma HDL An increased level of LDL is related to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which is the primary pathological basis of CAD [3] [4]. The role of newer emerging risk factors is being recognized especially homocysteine, fibrinogen, and lipoprotein
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