Clinical Correlates of PCOS in A Tertiary Health Care Centre

Abstract

Aims: To study, analyze and find the correlation between different signs and symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome in a tertiary health care center. Settings and Design: (1) Type of study: Observational Study (2) Sample size: 150 (3) Study participants: All patients attending gynecology OPD diagnosed with PCOS. Study design: It was a Questionnaire based observational study. Methods and Material: This study was conducted on 150 patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome was done on the basis of 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. Ferriman Gallwey score was used for assessment of hirsutism and WHO cut-offs of Body Mass Index modified for Asian population was used for assessment of Body mass index, Statistical analysis used: Statistical Analysis: Data were compiled and analyzed using the site. Results: Percentages of Chief complaints: Irregular menses (89%), Obesity (41%), Hirsutism (37%), Acne (32% ), Infertility (10%). A Family History of Diabetes (45%), Hypertension(33%), Obesity (29%), Thyroid disorder (27%), PCOD (14%), and Cardiac Disorder (13%) were also analyzed. Polycystic changes in ultrasonographic findings were Present in 89% of the population and absent in 11% of the population. Only 33% of participants were regular with the exercise routine rest. Hirsutism was graded according to mild (22%), moderate (62%), and severe (16%).50 % had Acne on examination. Body Mass Index was measured and graded into Underweight (11.3%), Normal (28.60%), Overweight (9.30%), Pre-obese (31.30%), Obese type 1 (19.30 %). Acanthosis nigricans (AN) was present in 32% And absent in 68%. There was a significant Correlation between : ( p-value <0.05) Irregular menses and infertility- 7%, Hirsutism and infertility- 3%, Ultrasonographic Findings, and Acne- 48%, Obesity, and Hirsutism- 45%, Irregular menses, and acne - 48% Irregular menses and hirsutism- 33%, Ultrasonographic findings, and acanthosis nigricans- 29.3%. Conclusions: There is a diversity in the presentation of chief complaints of PCOS patients. PCOS patients show a variety in the presentation of the history of metabolic syndromes and of PCOS in their families. They show cutaneous manifestations in the form of Acne, Hirsutism, and Acanthosis nigricans. PCOS patients mostly have moderate grades of hirsutism. Acne is present in almost half of PCOS patients even though most of them don't consider it as their chief complaint. Most of the participants who had increased BMI had Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Acanthosis is related to an increase in BMI. Very few patients include exercise in their daily routine. There is a significant correlation in PCOS patients between Irregular menses and infertility, Hirsutism and infertility, Ultrasonographic findings, and Acne as the chief complaint. Chief Complaints of Obesity and Chief Complaints of Hirsutism. Chief Complaints of irregular menses and Acne. Chief Complaints of Irregular menses and Hirsutism. Ultrasonographic findings and Acanthosis nigricans.