Clinical Characteristics, Procedural Details, and Outcomes of Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Real-world Practice at a Tertiary Care Center in Sri Lanka

Abstract

Introduction: Outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vary across different regions of the world. Despite a substantial increase in the demand for PCI in recent years, there is a lack of comprehensive data on PCI in Sri Lanka. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of PCI procedures in real-world practice in Sri Lanka over a period of time. Methods: This prospective descriptive study included all patients who underwent PCI at one unit of a tertiary care cardiac center in Colombo, Sri Lanka, between March 2022 and December 2022. Patients’ baseline clinical characteristics, procedural details, equipment usage, and complications were analyzed and followed up for 6 months. Results: Among 317 patients included in the analysis, 89.9% were ≥40 years old, with a mean age of 54.7 years (standard deviation: 11), and 73.5% were male. The most common presentation was chronic coronary syndrome, 65.9%, with 6.9% chronic total occlusion (CTO) cases. Within acute coronary syndrome cases, the highest percentage (27.1%) was attributed to ST-elevation myocardial infarction (MI), with 18.3% being anterior MI, suggesting that the left anterior descending artery was most commonly affected. Approximately 86.1% had single-vessel PCI, whereas 2.8% underwent left main PCI. Transradial access was obtained in 87.4%. Despite a 6.9% CTO, a high procedural success rate of 94.3% was observed. The inhospital mortality rate was low at 0.3%, and the 6-month mortality rate was 0.9%. Conclusions: Despite the limited sample size, our study provides valuable insights into the current practices and outcomes of PCI in Sri Lanka. Despite the constraints of limited resources, we observed a high success rate and minimal complications.