Abstract
The aim of the research was to describe the clinical charachters of male and female patients with stage II arterial hypertension (AH) of young and middle age with different gradations of galectin-3 plasma levels according to multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. Materials and methods: 160 patients with AH of different sex (male and female) and age (young (18–44 years), middle (45–60 years)) were examined (clinical, laboratory and instrumental). Multiple linear regression was used to determine the clinical presentation of patients with AH at different levels of the neurohormone (StatSoft's Statistica MultipleRegression v. 10.0 module). which were divided into groups that vi told for the entirely different patient characteristics. multiple linear regression was performed for each indicator separately and the results have been shaped in the form of regression equations. Results. Patients with young and middle-aged AH have been found to be relatively high (RH) levels of galectin-3 associated with: the presence of a complex of metabolic risk factors – obesity and dyslipidemia; in combination with multiple features of structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system, such as the presence of concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in combination with myocardial relaxation disorders (Е/e' aver>7.2) and signs of hemodynamic overload of the left atrium (LA) (LA volume index (LAVi)>34 ml/m2); the presence of valve dysfunctions in the form of mitral (1–2 degree) and aortic regurgitation (1 stage); the presence of structural remodeling of the carotid arteries (intima-media thickness (IMT)>0.91 mm). Plasma abdominal obesity was the most informative marker of RH galectin-3 in plasma, IMT>0.91 mm and LAVi>34 ml/m2. Conclusions. The association of plasma galectin-3 levels with various clinical and instrumental indicators indicates a certain effect of the neurohormone on the course of AH in young and middle-aged male and female patients. Of indisputable interest is the determination of the features of the course of AH and the clinical profile of patients at different gradations (relatively low (RL), relatively moderate (RM) and relatively high (RH)) galectin-3 plasma level.
Highlights
Arterial hypertension (AH) is the dominant disease among all cardiovascular diseases (CVD), due to its high prevalence, morbidity and disability, which causes its cardiovascular complications [1, 2]
The obtained data suggested that in patients with young and middle-aged AH, plasma galectin-3 levels are most closely associated with aldosterone levels and the presence of risk factors such as abdominal obesity and atherogenic dyslipidemia
The latter could indicate that an increase in the magnitude of all variables should be accompanied by an increase in the level of galectin-3 in plasma and, higher levels of galectin-3 predicted higher values of the variable regression equations
Summary
Arterial hypertension (AH) is the dominant disease among all cardiovascular diseases (CVD), due to its high prevalence, morbidity and disability, which causes its cardiovascular complications [1, 2]. Our present day is marked by a number of works devoted to the search for new biomarkers that participate in the pathogenesis of AH and which affect the course of the disease in male and female patients, young and middle-aged [3, 4] It is galectin-3, a protein in the galectin group that is expressed by many cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages, labrocytes, fibroblasts and osteoclasts, and is involved in many biological processes such as cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, endogenous inflammation, myocardial fibrosis and others [5, 6]. The study concerned the determination (2019), «EUREKA: Health Sciences» Number 6 of the features of AH and the clinical profile of patients with different levels of galectin-3, what is possible in the future will allow the selection of neurohumoral variants of AH and, how pharmacologically influence to one or another neurohumoral variant
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