Clinical characteristics of children with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis versus non-respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis

Abstract

Objective To study the difference in clinical characteristics between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and non-RSV bronchiolitis. Methods A retrospective review of the medical records of 541 children with bronchiolitis in Children′s Hospital of Soochow University between January 2012 and December 2013 was conducted.The secretions of the lower respiratory tract were collected to detect RSV and other pathogens, the clinical characteristics between the 2 teams were analyzed by using PASW 21.0 software. Results (1)There were 194 patients (36%) hospitalized for bronchiolitis, who were assigned as RSV group, and 347 patients (64%) were assigned as non-RSV group.(2) Bronchiolitis due to RSV was more common from December to February, and bronchiolitis due to non-RSV was more common from May to October.(3) Compared with non-RSV group, RSV bronchiolitis started from a younger age(Z=5.62, P<0.001), pron to cyanosis(χ2=9.02, P=0.003), longer hospital stays, more expensive cost, more oxygen use, longer days of oxygen, ICU and mechanical ventilation, higher risk of ICU admission, higher the percentage of lymphocyte and platelet, the differences between 2 types were statistically significant(all P<0.05). White blood cell(WBC) count, neutrophils proportion and C-reactive protein(CRP) was higher in non-RSV than RSV bronchiolitis, the levels of lymphocyte, blood platelet and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were higher in RSV than non-RSV bronchiolitis, the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with non-RSV group, so RSV bronchiolitis is much more severe, and the patients need longer hospital stays and more expensive cost.Clinicians should pay close attention to RSV bronchiolitis. Key words: Respiratory syncytial virus; Non-respiratory syncytial virus; Bronchiolitis