Clinical characteristics of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma infiltration in the gastrointestinal tract

Kazuya Shimoda,Tomonori Hidaka,Hiroaki Kataoka,Yoshihiro Tahara,Takuro Kameda,Shojiro Yamamoto,Tadashi Miike,Kenji Yorita,Yutaka Akiyama,Yoshimasa Kubota,Hiroshi Kawakami,Yoko Kubuki,Yasuji Arimura

doi:10.1186/s12876-020-01438-1

Kazuya Shimoda, Tomonori Hidaka + Show 11 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-020-01438-1

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Abstract

BackgroundAdult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. The clinical course of ATLL is very heterogeneous, and many organs, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, can be involved. However, there are few detailed reports on ATLL infiltration in the GI tract. We investigated the clinical characteristics of ATLL infiltration in the GI tract.MethodsThis retrospective observational single-center study included 40 consecutive ATLL patients who underwent GI endoscopy. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics and endoscopic findings were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with ATLL who were diagnosed by histological examination were divided into two groups based on GI tract infiltration.ResultsMultivariate analysis revealed that the absence of skin lesions was significantly associated with GI infiltration (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the infiltration group tended to have similar macroscopic lesions in the upper and lower GI tracts, such as diffuse type, tumor-forming type, and giant-fold type.ConclusionsGI endoscopy may be considered for ATLL patients without skin lesions.

Highlights

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) [1,2,3]
Patients with the smoldering type are defined as having 5% or more abnormal T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood; a normal lymphocyte level (< 4 × 109/L); no hypercalcemia; a lactate dehydrogenase value up to 1.5 × the normal upper limit; no lymphadenopathy; no involvement of the liver, spleen, central nervous system, bone, or GI tract; and no ascites or pleural effusion
The remaining 11 patinets with poor physical conditions, informed consent could not be obtained for lower GI endoscopy

Summary

Introduction

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. The clinical course of ATLL is very heterogeneous, and many organs, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, can be involved. There are few detailed reports on ATLL infiltration in the GI tract. We investigated the clinical characteristics of ATLL infiltration in the GI tract. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) [1,2,3]. HTLV-1 infection is usually transmitted vertically, and ATLL develops for several. Miike et al BMC Gastroenterology (2020) 20:298 current retrospective study was conducted to evaluate whether ATLL infiltration in the GI tract was related to the skin lesion

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