Abstract

目的 探讨儿童良性癫痫伴中央颞区棘波(BECT)变异型的临床特点及治疗策略。 方法 回顾分析2010年1月至2015年1月就诊于本院的15例BECT变异型患儿的临床资料。 结果 15例BECT变异型患儿的起病年龄中位数为5岁7个月(1岁1个月~10岁);病程9个月~7年。87.0%(13/15例)患儿符合BECT变异型Ⅰ型的临床表现。88.0%(10/12例)随访儿童存在一定程度的学习障碍,所有患儿脑电图均显示一侧或双侧中央、顶区和(或)中、后颞区(Rolandic区)散在的棘慢波或棘波发放,睡眠后明显增多。33%(5/15例)患儿合并不典型失神,47%(7/15例)患儿清醒期可监测到负性肌阵挛的发作,同期可明确发现相应的脑电图改变。丙戊酸钠加用左乙拉西坦、丙戊酸钠加用氯硝西泮和丙戊酸钠加用左乙拉西坦及氯硝西泮为较为常用的抗癫痫药物组合。对于口服抗癫痫药物无效的患儿可予甲泼尼龙冲击治疗。 结论 BECT变异型均伴有明显的脑电图恶化,认识其临床和脑电图变化的特点及规律,可提高对BECT变异型的诊断。抗癫痫药物目的不仅是控制临床发作,更重要的是减少脑电图的异常放电。

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