Abstract
Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in children is rare in a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to summarize the etiological, clinical, and imaging characteristics of CVST in children.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 30 patients with a diagnosis of CVST who were admitted to Children's Hospital of Fudan University from 2008 to 2018. The medical records, including clinical manifestations, laboratory data, neurological findings, treatment, and short-term prognosis were analyzed.Results: Etiologically, the causes of CVST were infection (7/30), tumor (3/30), nephritis or nephrotic syndrome (8/30), traumatic brain injury (1/30), and undefined disease (11/30). All 30 cases were diagnosed with CVST after a neuroimaging examination using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with magnetic angiography venography (MRV). With regard to short-term prognosis, all the patients were treated with anticoagulants, after which 26 cases improved.Conclusions: CVST patients do not typically present with specific clinical manifestations, which leads to a high rate of misdiagnosis and delayed therapy. Increased consideration and prompt MRV checkup plays a key role in achieving an accurate diagnosis. Overall, anticoagulation is a safe and effective treatment for CVST.
Highlights
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a particular type of cerebrovascular disease accompanied by focal cerebral edema
To further our understanding of this disease and to help reduce the rate of misdiagnosis, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pediatric cases of CVST in patients admitted to our hospital within the past 10 years
The median duration of CVST was 14 days and only 10 patients were diagnosed within 7 days of onset
Summary
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a particular type of cerebrovascular disease accompanied by focal cerebral edema. Intracranial hypertension, venous cerebral infarction, and seizures are the most prominent clinical features of CVST [1, 2]. A Canadian study showed that the incidence of CVST in children under the age of 18 years was 0.67/100,000 [4]. To further our understanding of this disease and to help reduce the rate of misdiagnosis, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pediatric cases of CVST in patients admitted to our hospital within the past 10 years. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in children is rare in a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to summarize the etiological, clinical, and imaging characteristics of CVST in children
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