Abstract
This study investigated the clinical characteristics and associated risk factors of prediabetes in the southwestern region of Korea. A total of 323 subjects from 13 prediabetes studies were included in the data analysis. Subjects with prediabetes were divided into the following subtypes: (1) normal glucose tolerance (NGT) with HbA1c 5.7%–6.4%; (2) isolated impaired fasting glucose (I-IFG); (3) isolated impaired glucose tolerance (I-IGT); and (4) combined I-IFG and I-IGT (C-IFG/IGT). Clinical and biochemical variables were compared among subtypes, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for prediabetes subtypes. The overall proportion of subjects with NGT, I-IFG, I-IGT and C-IFG/IGT was 8.4%, 20.7%, 33.1% and 37.8%, respectively. In men, C-IFG/IGT was the most common subtype, while in women, I-IGT was the most common. The parameters related to dysglycemia, atherosclerosis and liver dysfunction were higher in subjects in the C-IFG/IGT subtype than in other subtypes. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed independent risk factors for increased FPG, 2h-PPG and HbA1c levels. This study identified the clinical features and independent risk factors for prediabetes subtypes.
Highlights
Prediabetes is an intermediate state in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to lead to a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is relatively simple and inexpensive compared with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) remains undetected in many subjects when only FPG is measured, which may eventually lead to underestimates in the prevalence of prediabetes [5]
The proportion of C-impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/IGT was higher in men, while impaired glucose tolerance (I-IGT) was more common in women
Summary
Prediabetes is an intermediate state in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to lead to a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. The American Diabetes Association defined prediabetes based on any of three distinct entities: impaired fasting glucose (IFG), defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of 100–125 mg/dL; impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), defined as 2 h plasma glucose levels of 140–199 mg/dL after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 5.7%–6.4% [2]. The diagnostic value of IFG and IGT reflect different pathophysiologies of glucose metabolism, implicating different risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes. We compared the prevalence of isolated IFG (I-IFG), isolated IGT (I-IGT) and combined IFG and IGT (C-IFG/IGT) in subjects with prediabetes identified according to plasma glucose levels after an OGTT and HbA1c levels. We examined the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the subjects, in order to explore whether the parameters are associated with FPG, 2 h post-challenge plasma glucose (2h-PPG) during OGTT and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
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