Clinical characteristic analysis of 742 hospitalized cases with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of hospitalized type 1 diabetic patients (T1DM). Methods Type 1 diabetics admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1986 to February 2012 were reviewed. All the 742 patients were divided into two groups: adult-onset group(n=516) and non-adult-onset group(n=226), according to the cut point of 18 years; and the newly diagnosed 325 patients were further divided into diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) group(n=68) and non-DKA group(n=257) according to whether patients were associated with ketoacidosis at the onset. The differences in clinical and biochemical characteristics were compared between the groups. Differences in measurement data were compared with least significant difference t test when the data obeyed normal distribution with homogeneity in variance. Results A total of 742 patients were enrolled in this study. Of them, 402 were males and 340 were females. The mean age at the onset was 23(1-61) years. One hundred and fifty-four(20.8%) patients had a family history of diabetes. The adult-onset group accounted for 69.5%(516/742), and the body mass index(BMI) of this group was (16.3 ± 9.0) kg/m2. Compared with the non-adult-onset group, the adult-onset group had a higher level of serum uric acid ((274±122) vs (243±97) μmol/L, t=2.631, P 0.05). Total of 417 patients had been diagnosed as T1DM on admission, and cases with diabetic retinopathy or kidney disease accounted for 37.4% and 26.9%, respectively. Thirty patients had other autoimmune diseases, 70% of which (n=21) were autoimmune thyroid diseases. Conclusions The annual number of T1DM patients gradually increased in our clinic. Compared with the non-adult-onset group, the adult-onset group has a higher serum uric acid level and incidence of hypertension and a lower HbA1c. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 1; Inpatients; Clinical analysis