Abstract
The prevalence of infertile couples differs according to the definition of couple infertility. Since 90% of fertile couples successfully conceive within one year (Tietze 1956,1968), the most commonly used definition for couple infertility is the lack of pregnancy after one year of unprotected regular intercourse. Based on this definition, the prevalence of infertile couples is 10–15% in Western countries. A multicenter study (1982–1985) carried out by the World Health Organisation (WHO 1987) found that in 20% of cases the problem was predominantly male (pure male factor), in 38% female (pure female factor), in 27% both partners presented abnormalities and in the remaining 15% no clear cause of infertility was identified (unexplained infertility). Male factor infertility may be associated with a wide range of semen anomalies, such as sperm number, motility and morphology.
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