Clinical Aspect and Outcome of Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura in Children in Relation to Renal Biopsy Pathologic Findings

Abstract

The most common childhood vasculitis is Henoch Schoenlein Purpura (HSP). It occurs at any age peaking at around 4-6 years. The classic manifestations of HSP are skin rash, along with any from a triad of other organ system involvement, including gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and renal systems. Renal involvement is much more common in children than in adults. 255 HSP patients attending our tertiary referral hospital enrolled in this 10-year retrospective study from 2009 to 2019. According to our study, HSP was more common in males. Most of the patients were between 1-16 years (mean 7.04 years) old. Of these patients, only 19.22% had proteinuria, 17.25% had increased creatinine, 61.7% of patients had hematuria, 67.06 had a fever, and 69.8% had abdominal pain. 24.31% of them had bloody diarrhea. Skin and joint involvement were recorded in 44.7% and 74.9% of patients, respectively. Children affected by HSP may present with different clinical manifestations. We assessed these clinical presentations and outcomes of patients and compared them with renal pathology findings to reveal any prognostic significance of renal pathologic findings in HSP patients.