Clinical Applications of the 532-nm Diode Laser for the Treatment of Facial Telangiectasia and Pigmented Lesions: Literature Review, History, and Discussion of Clinical Experience

Abstract

Introduction: Facial telangiectasias are common lesions resulting from multiple factors. Multiple therapies and devices have been used for the treatment of facial telangiectasia with varied success and complication rates. The 532-nm diode (diode-pumped, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG) laser is compared with other laser and nonlaser modalities for the office-based cosmetic surgery practice. Materials and Methods: This article provides a literature review and examines the history of laser treatment of facial telangiectasia and the evolution of modern laser therapy. Clinical experience is also detailed in the treatment of facial telangiectasia and pigmented lesions. Results: 532-nm diode lasers are lightweight, extremely portable systems that are effective in the treatment of facial telangiectasia and various pigmented lesions. When compared to other popular modalities and laser wavelengths, the 532-nm diode laser can successfully treat facial telangiectasia and some pigmented facial lesions with less chance of collateral tissue damage and resultant complications. Discussion: The 532-nm diode laser is representative of technological innovations that enable small, lightweight, and affordable lasers to be used by the office-based cosmetic surgeon. Distinct advantages are evident when it is compared with other wavelength lasers. Because of the smaller spot size and depth of penetration, this laser also has treatment limitations; however, it provides a welcomed addition to the armamentarium for the surgeon treating facial ectatic and pigmented lesions. Conclusion: Because of its demonstrated clinical effectiveness, ease of use, and lack of resultant purpura, as well as affordability and portability, this laser is well suited for the office-based cosmetic practice.