Abstract
BackgroundSleep disorders are a major public health issue. Nearly 1 in 2 people experience sleep disturbances during their lifetime, with a potential harmful impact on well-being and physical and mental health.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to better understand the clinical applications of wearable-based sleep monitoring; therefore, we conducted a review of the literature, including feasibility studies and clinical trials on this topic.MethodsWe searched PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and the Web of Science through June 2019. We created the list of keywords based on 2 domains: wearables and sleep. The primary selection criterion was the reporting of clinical trials using wearable devices for sleep recording in adults.ResultsThe initial search identified 645 articles; 19 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. In all, 4 categories of the selected articles appeared. Of the 19 studies in this review, 58 % (11/19) were comparison studies with the gold standard, 21% (4/19) were feasibility studies, 15% (3/19) were population comparison studies, and 5% (1/19) assessed the impact of sleep disorders in the clinic. The samples were heterogeneous in size, ranging from 1 to 15,839 patients. Our review shows that mobile-health (mHealth) wearable–based sleep monitoring is feasible. However, we identified some major limitations to the reliability of wearable-based monitoring methods compared with polysomnography.ConclusionsThis review showed that wearables provide acceptable sleep monitoring but with poor reliability. However, wearable mHealth devices appear to be promising tools for ecological monitoring.
Highlights
Sleep DisordersSleep disorders are a major public health issue
Sleeping disorders have been viewed as a consequence of mental health disorders, and evidence suggests that sleeping disorders can contribute to the development of new mental health problems [6]
After the removal of duplicate articles, screening based on the titles resulted in the removal of 308 articles
Summary
Sleep DisordersSleep disorders are a major public health issue. Nearly 1 in 2 people experience sleep disturbances during their lifetime [1] with a potential harmful impact on well-being and physical and mental health [2]. Insomnia is characterized by complaints about the duration and quality of sleep, difficulty falling asleep, nocturnal awakenings, early awakening, or nonrecuperative sleep [4]. This symptomatology must be present at least three times a week for at least 1 month, with negative consequences the day. Objective: The aim of this study was to better understand the clinical applications of wearable-based sleep monitoring; we conducted a review of the literature, including feasibility studies and clinical trials on this topic. Our review shows that mobile-health (mHealth) wearable–based sleep monitoring is feasible. We identified some major limitations to the reliability of wearable-based monitoring methods compared with polysomnography. Wearable mHealth devices appear to be promising tools for ecological monitoring
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