Clinical and radiological findings related to treatment outcome in patients with temporomandibular disorders.

Abstract

To test the hypothesis that the outcome of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is not influenced by condylar position, asymmetry, angle or structural bone changes. Eighty consecutive patients (60 women, 20 men) with an age range of 6-81 years, referred to the Department of Stomatognathic Physiology, were included in the study. The patients were clinically and radiologically examined before and at least 1 year after treatment. The most common clinical diagnoses among the patients were TMD with a neuromuscular background in 35% and osteoarthritis in 21%. Seventy-two per cent of the patients were symptom-free or better, 24% unchanged and 1% worse 1 year or more after treatment. After treatment the bone structure of the TMJ was unchanged in 83% of the patients, in 12% erosions healed and in 5% erosions developed. Almost all patients had some degree of condylar displacement on tomography before treatment. In the majority the condylar position was unchanged after treatment. No single radiographic finding was found to be related to the treatment outcome and therefore plain radiography has a minor role in the management of TMD.