Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Anterior Plate Fixation.

Abstract

Reports on the outcomes following instrumented anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) with anterior plate fixation are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients undergoing ALIF with anterior plate fixation. Methods: Medical records and radiographic imaging were reviewed for 100 patients who received ALIF with anterior plate fixation between 2008 to 2021 and completed at least one year of follow-up and postoperative imaging. Prospectively collected patient data included indication for surgery, BMI, age, number and location of levels treated, complications, reoperation rates, fusion rate, and measurements of global lordosis, disc space height, and segmental angulation. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in this study. The mean length of follow-up was 81.37 months. Changes in preoperative-to-postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Score (VAS) demonstrated improvements of 30.86% and 18.56%, respectively. Major vascular injuries occurred in 3% of the cases. A hardware failure rate of 5% was observed. The reoperation rate was 10%. The radiographic fusion rate derived from computed tomography (CT) and plain film was 95.45% and 88.87%, respectively. Postoperative global lordosis demonstrated a 6.08% increase. Postoperative segmental angulation measurements increased by 57.74%. No statistically significant differences in clinical or radiographic outcomes were observed based on the spine level of fusion or the number of fusions performed. Conclusions: ALIF with anterior plate fixation achieved an adequate fusion rate with improvements in ODI and VAS scores meeting minimal clinically important difference thresholds. Postoperative disc space heights demonstrated significant improvements compared to preoperative measurements.