Clinical and Prognostic Analysis of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Synchronous and Metachronous Multiple Malignancies.

Abstract

To analyze the clinical features and prevalence of synchronous and metachronous second primary malignancies (SPMs) in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC), their associated risk factors, and cause-specific mortality. We retrospectively reviewed 136 patients treated with curative intent at our hospital. Statistical analyses were performed to determine factors predictive of SPM and cause-specific mortality. Sixty-three of 136 patients (46.3%) developed SPM; of these, 41 (30.1%) and 42 (30.9%) had synchronous and metachronous SPMs, respectively, with patient overlap. The most common site of synchronous and metachronous SPMs was the oesophagus (65.8% and 24.4%, respectively); the corresponding overall survival rates were 34.1% and 66.5%, respectively. Furthermore, heavy drinking was significantly correlated with synchronous SPM (p<0.001). Oesophageal cancer surveillance is recommended for patients with HSCC, especially heavy drinkers. Our findings may help identify and properly manage HSCC patients at high risk of SPMs.