CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF INTRANASAL LYMPHOMAS OF CATS

Abstract

The article discusses results of the research on intranasal lymphoma spread of cats, based on the study of 38 clinical cases of animals with lesions of the nasal cavity at the age of 5 months to 18 years with clinical symptoms from the total number (N=4937) of cats. The research was conducted at the Department of Diseases of Small Domestic, Laboratory and Exotic animals of FSBEI HE "Moscow State University of Food Production" and the veterinary clinic "Zoogalereya", Moscow. Intranasal neoplasms are rare for cats. Of all nasal oncopathies, lymphomas are most common in animals of the middle age group and, according to the literature data, take up to 1% of all tumors of cats. Endogenous and exogenous factors that cause tumors of cats’ nasal cavity are diverse. If intranasal pathology is suspected, it is necessary to adhere to the plan of diagnostic manipulations, because the first clinical symptoms of the process are the same for lesions of a different nature. For diagnosis and specification of the clinical stage of the disease, it is necessary to conduct a series of diagnostic studies, including radiography, MRI and CT, aimed at determining the localization of the pathology, spread, degree of invasion and degree of involvement of blood vessels in a specific oncological process. Such diagnostic methods as palpation of regional lymph nodes, chest radiographs and ultrasonography of the abdominal organs are aimed at determining the clinical stage of oncopathologies. The most predisposed to occurrence of intranasal lymphomas was a group of cats aged 5-9 years. Gender and breed susceptibility was not revealed. In case of nasal cavity pathologies of cats, a common symptom is shortness of breath, lack of patency of nasal passages, which appears at later stages of the disease. Nasal discharge and epistaxis are rare, convulsive seizures - when the tumor invades via the ethmoid bone. The predominance of unilateral over bilateral discharge was noted as the most common symptom, 39.4%, while the nature of the discharge may be different. Sneezing occurred in 13.2%, coughing in 5.2% of cases. Deformation of the facial part of the skull was observed in 28.9% of cats, epistaxis, lacrimation and atony - in 13.2% of cases, 5.2% of cats had neurological symptoms.