CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFICULT INTUBATION IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY AND STOMATOLOGY.

Abstract

Aim of the work: To describe clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with difficult intubation in maxillofacial surgery and stomatology. 
 Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study over a period of two years (April 2017 to May 2019) at the University Hospital Joseph Dieudonné Rakotovao (CHU - JDR) 
 Antananarivo. This includes all patients whose intubation lasted more than 10 minutes and / or more than three attempts, or could not be performed. 
 Results: Twenty-eight (28) patients were collected with difficult intubation rate of 8%. A male predominance was found (sex ratio = 2.25) and the lesions are mainly of tumoral origin (54%), sitting at the level of the mandible (43%) and locating on the right side (54%). The classification of Mallampati and measurement of mouth opening could not be evaluated in 39% and 18% of cases respectively. For the classic criteria that were able to evaluate: the classification of mallampati III and IV = 59%, the mouth opening less than 3.5 cm = 26% and the mento - thyroid distance less than 6cm = 4%. 
 Conclusion: Although the classical predictive criteria for difficult intubation are reliable, they cannot always be correctly assessed in maxillofacial surgery. And particular features of the lesion have been found in patients who presented with difficult intubation. Hence the interest of carrying out an analytical study in order to elaborate a predictive score based on the classic criteria and the characteristics of the lesion.