Abstract
The Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used in children as a definitive treatment for various oncological, immune deficiencies, hemoglobinopathy, and malignancies diseases that involve the hematological system, congenital metabolism disorders, among others. To characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of children and adolescents submitted to HSCT at a referral service in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a quantitative, retrospective, observational, descriptive and analytical quantitative approach approaching the medical records of children and adolescents submitted to HSCT in a referral hospital service for this type of transplantation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul North (RN). The final sample consisted of 35 records patients aged between 2 and 18 years old who underwent HSCT from February 2008 to December 2015 and who presented the data necessary for the study. The records analyzed showed a little majority of male patients (51.42%) and 60.00% of these men were students and 71.42% lived in the state of the Rio Grande do Norte. According to the clinical characteristics, 34.3% of the patients had Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and 25.71% had Acute Myeloid Leukemia as the main diagnosis. Gastrointestinal toxicities were the most frequent (97.1%) and all patients received antineoplastic/chemotherapeutic and antiemetic treatment. The allogeneic HSCT was the most frequently performed (57.14%) and the most used source of Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) was the peripheral blood (54.29%) and 5.71% of these patients developed the Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD), of which one was affected by acute GVHD and another by chronic GVHD. Septsis was the most frequent cause of death (60%). The profile of the clinical variables presented by the children and adolescents of this study shows that the most prevalent diagnosis was ALL, the most frequent toxicities were gastrointestinal, cardiac, respiratory and hematological, the most common HSCT was allogeneic peripheral blood and the greatest cause of mortality was sepsis. These data are similar to studies conducted in North America, Europe and Asia.
Highlights
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used in children as a definitive treatment for different oncological, immune deficiencies, hemoglobinopathies, and diseases malignancies that involve the hematological system, congenital metabolism disorders, among others
These diseases are indicated for HSCT, there are still some factors that need to be considered such as the underlying disease, the Received: 21/12/17 Accepted: 05/12/18
HSCT is a procedure in which hematopoietic stem cells (HTCs) are intravenously infused to restore normal functional bone marrow (BM)
Summary
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used in children as a definitive treatment for different oncological, immune deficiencies, hemoglobinopathies, and diseases malignancies that involve the hematological system, congenital metabolism disorders, among others. HSCT consists of a treatment option for some of these diseases or even the only option for others that probably have not responded to other therapeutic modalities, with an increase in survival after transplantation, contributing to its use (YEŞILIPEK, 2014). These diseases are indicated for HSCT, there are still some factors that need to be considered such as the underlying disease, the Received: 21/12/17 Accepted: 05/12/18. HSCT is indicated when BM is affected or when hematopoietic toxicity is a limiting factor for the aggressive treatment of the disease (GLUCKMAN, 2012; NORKIN; WINGARD, 2017)
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