CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DENTAL HYPERESTHESIA AMONG RESIDENTS OF VASILEOSTROVSKY DISTRICT OF ST. PETERSBURG

Abstract

Abstract: The article aims to establish the prevalence and nature of dental hyperesthesia among residents of the Vasileostrovsky district of St. Petersburg. Increased tooth sensitivity is of great interest in the practice of a dentist due to its high prevalence and polyetiological nature. The study involved 126 people of both sexes, divided into 3 age groups (19-29; 30-44; 45-63). It was revealed that 97 of them had hypersensitivity of teeth at the moment of examination. In addition to establishing the presence of the pathology under study and counting the affected teeth, the following dental indices were used to objectify the evaluation: 1. Hygienic index -HI (simplified Green-Vermillion index OHI-S (Green, Vermillion, 1964)) - used to determine the level of oral hygiene. 2. Parodontal index-PI (P.A. Leus, 1988) - to determine the presence of symptoms of periodontal pathology. 3. Intensity of dental caries lesion was determined using the index of DMF (Klein, Palmer, 1937). 4. Assessment of dental hyperesthesia was carried out using the index of prevalence and intensity of dental hyperesthesia (G.B. Shtorina, 1986). All patients responded to the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14)-to determine the impact of hyperesthesia on quality of their life. Each tooth was checked for carious and non-carious defects to determine the most frequent causes of tooth hypersensitivity. Based on our study the following conclusions were made: 1. Among all detected cases, women aged 31 to 45 years (22.680%) were most susceptible to hyperesthesia. Less susceptible to hypersensitivity of teeth are men aged 46-63 years and older (10.309%). 2. Patients with hyperaesthesia were more likely to have poor oral hygiene (OHI-S- 1.7483 points), moderate periodontal disease (PI-2.1316 points) and high caries intensity (DMF-16.2166 points). 3. Limited form of dental hyperesthesia (66.585%) is more frequent among women aged 31-45 years (17.191%) and men aged 31-45 years (14.769%). 4. The generalized form is more frequent among women 46-63 years (8.475%) and men 46-63 years (7.748%), less frequent among women 19-30 years (2.663%). 5. Sensitivity only to temperature stimuli was registered in 47,699% of cases - more frequent among women 31-46 years (16,496%) pain during exposure to temperature and chemical stimuli - 9,685% of cases (women 31-45 years - 3,148%) and reaction to all types of stimuli was registered in 42,615% of cases (more frequent among women 31-45 years - 14,286%). 6. Of all identified teeth with hypersensitivity (413 teeth examined), wedge-shaped defect was more frequent among women 31-45 years old, and gingival recession among men in two age groups 31-45 and 46-63. 7. Patients in age group 1, 19-30, are more likely to have chips and microcracks that can cause tooth sensitivity. 8. Patients were noted to a decrease in their quality of life due to hyperesthesia and related diseases.