Abstract
Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer that shares the characteristic features of both basal and squamous cell carcinomas (BCC, SCC). Our research enables better characterization of BSC in comparison to high-risk subtypes of BCC and SCC. Paper includes a retrospective analysis of BSC cases regarding sex, age, number of tumors and anatomical distribution in comparison to BCC and SCC evaluating the differences and defining the implications. Histologically confirmed carcinomas recorded between 1999 and 2019 were studied. 181 diagnosed BSC cases were identified, making this study the largest cohorts of BSC patients reported worldwide. Most cases were reported on head and neck. Analysis of facial anatomic distribution shows that most commonly affected sites were the nose (43%) and the cheek (25%). The age at excision of metatypical BCC was higher than those of low-risk BCC (P < 0.05), however similar to high-risk BCC (P = 0.20). We revisited that the concept of BSC is the most similar to high-risk subtypes of BCC. Patients with diagnosed BSC have higher risk of second nonmelanoma skin cancer. Therefore, the frequency of follow-up examination should be adjusted to the individual risk of another skin cancer.
Highlights
Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer that shares the characteristic features of both basal and squamous cell carcinomas (BCC, SCC)
Patients with low-risk Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) were younger (68.7 ± 12.8 years) than patients with basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) (72.2 ± 11.5 years) and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), while patients with SCC were significantly older than patients with BSC (P < 0.05)
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest analysis of BSC worldwide which presents for the first time the detailed anatomical distribution, patients’ sex ratio and age, based on 181 histopathologically confirmed BSC in comparison to high- and low-risk BCC and SCC
Summary
Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer that shares the characteristic features of both basal and squamous cell carcinomas (BCC, SCC). Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the two most common subtypes of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) affecting white-skinned individuals. Detection of at least one overlapping dermoscopic criterion both of BCC and SCC is an alarming sign for BSC in dermoscopy[15] This is crucial, especially because the non-specific clinical presentation of BSC may extend time to diagnosis and lead to underestimation of possible later consequences such as local recurrence and potential lymph node or distant metastasis. BSC has a relatively high metastatic potential, estimated on 5–10%21,22
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