Abstract

目的总结合并肢端缺血的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的临床和凝血功能特征。方法回顾性分析2020年2月5日至2020年2月15日北京协和医院国家医疗队在武汉收治的7例危重型COVID-19患者临床及实验室资料。结果7例患者中男性4例,女性3例,中位年龄59(49~71)岁,3例合并基础病。发热7例,干咳6例,呼吸困难4例,腹泻4例。所有患者均存在不同程度的肢端缺血,表现为肢端青斑或青紫、血疱、干性坏疽等。7例患者入住重症监护室时均存在D-二聚体显著升高、血小板计数正常,6例纤维蛋白原及纤维蛋白降解产物(FDP)升高,4例凝血酶原时间延长。随着病情进展,D-二聚体及FDP进行性升高,4例患者符合2017年中国弥散性血管内凝血诊断标准。6例患者接受低分子肝素治疗,治疗后D-二聚体及FDP下降,但临床症状无明显好转。中位随访26 d,5例患者死亡,从出现肢端缺血症状至死亡的中位时间为12(7~16)d。结论部分危重型COVID-19患者存在明显高凝倾向,应关注此类患者凝血功能,及时识别高凝期并予抗凝治疗,肢端缺血提示预后不良。抗凝治疗能否改善预后仍需更多临床数据。

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