Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) serum concentrations with cognitive functions of glioma and meningioma patients. Methods 177 brain tumor patients awaiting for brain tumor surgery participated in the study. Patients were assessed preoperatively, using neuropsychological tests for verbal memory, psychomotor speed, mental flexibility, and verbal fluency. The functional status of patients was evaluated using the Karnofsky Performance Index. Blood samples were drawn for evaluation of serum hsCRP and NT-proBNP concentrations upon hospital admission. Results The highest NT-proBNP concentration was observed in meningioma patients. Glioma and meningioma patients did not differ in hsCRB concentration. Patients in the highest hsCRP tertile were older and more frequently reported cardiovascular comorbidity. Patients in the highest NT-proBNP tertile were older, more frequently with cardiovascular comorbidity, females, and diagnosed with a meningioma. hsCRP was significantly related to slower psychomotor speed in high-grade glioma patients (rho = 0.30, p < 0.05). In meningioma sample, NT-proBNP correlated with decreased psychomotor speed (rho = 0.38, p < 0.01), mental flexibility (rho = 0.33, p < 0.01), worse cumulative learning (rho = −0.27, p < 0.05), and delayed recall (rho = 0.30, p < 0.01). However, the relationship between the NT-proBNP and cognitive functions became nonsignificant when demographic and clinical covariates were included into analysis. Higher hsCRP concentration remained significantly related to slower psychomotor speed (p = 0.02) and worse mental flexibility (p = 0.05) in glioma patients, independently from demographic and clinical covariates. Preoperative cognitive functioning was also predicted by older age, gender, side and location of the tumor, and tumor malignancy, and general functional status of a patient. Conclusions NT-proBNP was not associated with memory, language, and attention/executive cognitive domains of glioma and meningioma patients. Increased hsCRP was related to slower psychomotor speed and worse mental flexibility in glioma patients, indicating that inflammation processes are important for cognitive functioning in glial tumors.
Highlights
Cognitive decline is a common and devastating sequalae of brain tumors (BTs) [1]
We aimed to investigate the association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and NT-proBNT serum concentrations with memory, language, and attention/executive cognitive domains of glioma and meningioma patients
Glioma and meningioma patients did not differ in education status, tumor location involving frontal/temporal lobes and hsCRP concentrations
Summary
Cognitive decline is a common and devastating sequalae of brain tumors (BTs) [1]. Cognitive impairment is often already present at the time of BT diagnosis, continues to deteriorate with disease progression [2, 3], and is an independent predictor of impaired quality of life, worse health status, and shorter survival [4, 5]. Numerous tumor and treatment-related factors were implicated in the progressive cognitive decline of BT patients. BTs can infiltrate and/or displace normal brain tissue, increase intracranial pressure, cause seizures, and disrupt structural and functional brain connectivity, subsequently leading to cognitive decline [1, 6]. The level of global cognitive decline and impairment across more discrete
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