CLINICAL ANATOMY OF RAT'S SALIVARY GLANDS

Abstract

In an experiment found that the parotid salivary gland in rats, unlike people, located on ventrolateral surface of the neck behind the ear and reach the outer part of the clavicle. Straits form three main trunks which penetrate the mouth. Mandibular salivary glands (submandibular salivary glands counterparts in humans) are located on the ventral surface of the neck, on the way from the hyoid bone to the handle of the sternum, touching each other by their medial edges. Stereometric parameters obtained branching blood vessels can form the basis for comparison and setting the dynamics of pathological changes in modeling various pathological processes. The similarity in the structural organization of organs and tissues of humans and animals determines the use of the latter for experimental modeling of pathological processes manifested in the clinic. At the same time, for a detailed understanding of the dynamics of modeled pathological conditions and an adequate interpretation of the results obtained, one should take into account the species characteristics and those differences that are characteristic of animals of different species, as well as refer to the initial values of the quantitative characteristics of their tissues, organs and systems. The spatial organization of the bloodstream was studied by contrast X-ray angiography. For this, the arterial bed was injected with an aqueous suspension of red lead. In order to eliminate the superimposed shadows of the contralateral vessels, a sagittal cut of the head was performed before X-ray angiography with the removal of the brain along with the branching of the internal carotid artery. Radiography was performed without the use of an intensifying screen in lateral projection using a Koch & Sterzel apparatus. Rats normally have four pairs of large salivary glands: parotid, mandibular, large and small sublingual. The largest are the parotid and mandibular. The features of the structure, size and location of the salivary glands in rats are determined both by the features of the structure of the skull and the horizontal position of the body, and by the features of the functional purpose of the glands themselves. The largest of the salivary glands is the parotid. The ducts are formed from three main trunks and, bypassing the masticatory muscle along the surface, penetrate into the oral cavity. To the front edge of the gland, the lacrimal gland is quite tightly attached, the duct of which passes to the outer corner of the orbit.