Clinical analyzes and theoretical calculations of the characteristics of blood cells in patients with lymphoblastic leukemia

Abstract

Lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the serious diseases of the hematopoietic system, which requires long-term treatment, but despite this, it often leads to disability and mortal-ity. In this regard, all the still unexplored relationships between blood elements and their motor ability, which can be described by the rheological properties of blood, are of inter-est. For a better understanding of the relationship between morphometric features and the rheological properties of blood, we compiled a research algorithm, the purpose of which was to study the rheological parameters of the blood system using clinical tests and in silico calculations against the background of the clinical picture of the number and size of formed elements, lymphocytic formula of patients with lymphoblastic leuke-mia. In the group of patients with leukoblastic leukemia, the number of neutrophils was reduced by 38% compared with the control. Other types did not change significantly. Thrombocytopenia, a decrease in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were ob-served, however, the number of erythrocytes corresponded to the values in the control. The dynamics of the size of erythrocytes is an indicator of the lability of the blood sys-tem. Under conditions of development of leukemic processes, the proportion of young erythroid forms is negligible. The development of lymphoblastic leukemia was accompa-nied by thrombocytopenia, a decrease in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit, however, the number of erythrocytes corresponded to the values in the control. Studies have revealed changes in the geometric characteristics of erythrocytes in patients with leukemia. The increase in overall dimensions (diameter and height) of erythrocytes in patients with patients with leukoblastic leukemia varied by 15–20 % compared with the control. The rheological parameters were changed significantly. According to our data, the violation of blood flow occurs due to changes in erythrocyte aggregation, deformabil-ity of the erythrocyte membrane, plasma viscosity with an unchanged number of erythro-cytes, i.e. with normal hematocrit. These data are especially interesting from the point of view of rheology and clinic of leukemias.