Clinical analysis of thyroid papillary carcinoma and risk factors of pulmonary metastasis in children

Abstract

Objective Investigated the clinical features and risk factors of pulmonary metastasis in children with papillary thyroid carcinoma aiming to provide guide for clinical work. Methods Collected the informations of 40 patients with under the age of 14, who underwent surgery in the Thyroid surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University and confirmed for the papillary thyroid carcinoma by the postoperative pathology. At the same time, excluded studies with history of head and neck malignancy or lyphoma or secondary thyroid cancer, papillary thyroid carcinoma with hyperthyroidism and cases of imcomplete informations. The age of the 40 patients was 3 to 14 years old, 12 were boy and 28 were girl. The largest tumor diameter was 7.5 cm, and the smallest was 0.3 cm. Tumor lesions were solitary in 22 cases and multiple lesions were in 18 cases. There were 33 cases of cervical lymph node metastases and 7 cases of no cervical lymph nodes. There were 10 cases of pulmonary metastasis and 30 cases of non-pulmonary metastasis. This research adopted chi-square test and Logistic regression statistical analysis of related risk factors and clinical features, including patients′ age, gender, tumor diameter, number of lesions, surgical methods, neck lymph node metastasis, and pulmonary metastasis. Results The positive rate of plumonary metastsis in children with papillary thyroid carcinoma was 25% (10/40), statistical analysis found that the positive rate of children with lung metastasis (χ2=8.620, P=0.003), tumor diameter over 2 cm (χ2=5.763, P=5.763) and the difference was statistically significant higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of risk factors was multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma in children lung metastasis(OR=13.058, P=0.028). Conclusions Higher lung metastasis is a clinical feature of thyroid papillary carcinoma in children. The risk of lung metastasis was significantly higher for children with thyroid papillary carcinoma who had multiple lessions. Key words: Child; Thyroid neoplasms; Logistic models