Clinical analysis of secondary hypertension in 120 children

Abstract

Objective To analyze clinical features of secondary hypertension in children, and explore the etio-logy of secondary hypertension and improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method Retrospective analysis of the clinical features in 120 children with secondary hypertension was performed. Results 1.Seventy-nine patients(65.8%, 79/120 cases) were male, 41 patients(34.2%, 41/120 cases) were female.The mean age was (9.5±4.1) years old.2.Main clinical manifestations: 55 cases of edema (45.8%, 55/120 cases), 52 cases of seizure (43.3%, 52/120 cases), 49 cases of headache (40.8%, 49/120 cases), 44 cases of vomit (36.7%, 44/120 cases), 33 cases of dizziness (27.5%, 33/120 cases), 24 cases of oliguria (20.0%, 24/120 cases).3.Seventy-seven patients (64.2%, 77/120 cases) were renal hypertension, 22 patients (18.3%, 22/120 cases) were drug-induced hypertension, 5 patients (4.2%, 5/120 cases) were endocrine disease, 4 patients (3.3%, 4/120 cases) were rheumatic disease, 3 patients (2.5%, 3/120 cases) were cardiogenic disease, 2 patients (1.7%, 2/120 cases) were neuroblastoma.4.Seventy-one patients(59.2%, 71/120 cases)were complicated with hypertensive encephalopathy, among them 47 patients(66.2%, 47/77 cases)were acute glomerulonephritis.5.One hundred and eleven patients' blood pressure turned to normal after treatment of the primary diseases.The other 9 patients were discharged because they abandoned treatment. Conclusions Renal disease is the most common etiology of secondary hypertension in children.Children with secondary hypertension are easily complicated with hypertensive encephalopathy.The key of treatment is early diagnosis and early treatment of primary diseases. Key words: Secondary hypertension; Etiology; Hypertensive encephalopathy; Child