Clinical analysis of risk factors and pregancy outcomes of fetal growth restriction in the third trimester

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study is to analyze risk factors and perinatal outcomes of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in the third trimester to improve pregnancy outcomes. Methods The retrospective study collected 676 fetus, included 338 FGR and 338 appropriate for gestational infants. All samples were collected between January 1st 2014 and January 1st 2016 from Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors and pregnancy outcomes of fetal growth restriction between FGR and control group. Results ⑴ Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factor of FGR was severe preeclampsia for 28-33+ 6 weeks FGR. The independent risk factors of 37-40+ 6 weeks FGR were severe preeclampsia, oligohydramnios, velum attachment of cord and cord around neck. ⑵ Compared with the control group of the same gestational week, the fetal distress rate, 1 minute asphyxia rate of newborn and cesarean section rate of FGR in the 28-33+ 6 gestational week group were all higher than those in the same gestational week group (P<0.05). ⑶ The fetal distress in FGR group was more than in cesarean delivery that in vaginal delivery at 28-33+ 6 weeks of gestation, and that in FGR group was more than that in vaginal delivery at 34-36+ 6 weeks of gestation (P<0.05). Conclusions Severe preeclampsia, oligohydramnios, velum attachment of umbilical cord and cord around the neck are the independent risk factors of FGR in the third trimester. During pregnancy, early intervention such as screening in high risk pregnant women and fetal intrauterine monitoring should be carried out to improve the perinatal outcome. Key words: Pregnancy trimester, third; Fetal growth restriction; Risk factors; Pregnancy outcome