Abstract
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in renal transplantation recipients. Method The clinical data of 8 renal transplantation recipients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis infection were retrospectively analyzed. Result Fever, cough and expectoration were the most common symptoms, however, lacking typicality. Images of chest X-ray and CT scan were various and couldn't verify TB infection from pneumonia. Seven of 8 cases were diagnosed through invasive methods, either bronchofibroscope or fiberthoracoscopy. Immunosuppressants were decreased in all cases. Three-drug regimens, including isoniazide, rifampicin and ethambutol or pyrazinamide, were administrated as anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. All the cases were cured, without episodes like acute rejection and liver function impairment. Conclusion Routine examinations are not sufficient to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in kidney transplantation recipients. While, invasive methods like bronchofibroscope and fiberthoracoscope are helpful. When diagnosed, patients should receive normative anti-tuberculosis treatment and immunosuppressive agents adjustment, which can benefit the prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in renal transplantation recipients. Key words: Kidney transplantation; Tuberculosis; Bronchofibroscope; Fiberthoracoscope; Tuberculin test
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