Abstract

背景与目的阻塞性肺不张往往伴有肺部感染和低氧血症等。尽快消除气道梗阻成为阻塞性肺不张的首要治疗目的。本研究旨在探讨气管镜治疗因恶性肿瘤引起的阻塞性肺不张的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2006年3月21日-2011年3月3日经病理证实的120例因恶性肿瘤引起的阻塞性肺不张病例,年龄5岁-90岁,均在气管镜下行氩等离子体凝固(argon plasma coagulation, APC)、冷冻等治疗。结果120例患者合并肺不张187个,缘于原发肿瘤引起者98个,转移肿瘤引起者89个。原发气道肿瘤组和转移组肺不张最常见的部位分别为双上肺和单全肺。气管镜对两组气道内肿瘤的清除率相似,但原发肿瘤组肺复张率明显低于转移组。治疗后患者的体质评分(karnofsky physical score, KPS)均有明显升高,气促评分(shortbreath scale, SS)明显降低。术中约3/4出现低氧血症,3.4%发生术中大出血,其中1例死亡。大多数濒危的患者经气管镜治疗后生存期延长,中位生存时间为6个月,1年生存率为27.1%。结论气管镜治疗能快速、有效清除气道内肿瘤,使阻塞的肺复张。

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