Abstract
Some studies have disclosed atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with inflammation. Cystatin C is not only inflammatory markers but also an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Aim. We sought to investigate the relationship between serum levels of cystatin C and the occurrence and development of AF. Material and methods . 134 paroxysmal and persistent AF (AF1 group) and 121 permanent AF (AF2 group) patients in AF group and 154 healthy people in control group were prospectively measured for cystatin C, other inflammatory markers, biochemical indicators, left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular diameter (LVD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results. (1) Compared with control and AF1 groups, AF2 group had higher values of cystatin C, high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), LAD and LVD whereas lower values of LVEF (P<0.05). (2) After adjust for age, gender and body mass index (BMI), correlation analysis showed that serum level of cystatin C was closely related to hsCRP, LAD, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and creatinine, the correlation coefficient were respectively 0.658, 0.502, 0.475 and 0.530 (P<0.01), but negatively associated with LVEF (P=0.011) in AF group. (3) Multivariate regression analysis showed the hsCRP, cystatin C, LAD and LVEF entered finally into the regression equation (cystatin C, OR: 3.41, 95%CI: 1.09–11.08, P=0.009). Conclusion . The serum levels of cystatin C has significant correlation with AF, which indicates cystatin C may play an important role in the process of AF development.
Highlights
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and increases in prevalence with aging [1,2,3]
(2) After adjust for age, gender and body mass index (BMI), correlation analysis showed that serum level of cystatin C was closely related to high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), left atrial diameter (LAD), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and creatinine, the correlation coefficient were respectively 0.658, 0.502, 0.475 and 0.530 (P
Values of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and LDL were significantly higher whereas those of DBP were significantly lower in AF2 group than in control group, while there were not significant differences in the values of BP, BUN and LDL between AF1 group and control group (P>0.05)
Summary
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and increases in prevalence with aging [1,2,3] It has become one of the leading causes for hospitalized patients with AF because AF may induce stroke, heart failure and increases case fatality [1, 2, 4]. Studies find cystatin C is closely related to the inflammatory process or other inflammation factors [7, 10]. It remains challenged whether or not there is correlation between cystatin C and AF. The correlation between cystatin C and AF was investigated and its possible pathogenesis was preliminarily discussed and elucidated
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