Abstract
ObjectivesIn this study, the etiology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) were investigated. Furthermore, we analyzed the treatment factors associated with MPMTs.MethodsFrom 15,398 patients with malignant tumors presenting to The First Hospital of Jilin University, China, between January 2010 and December 2013, we identified and analyzed patients with MPMTs. Data were obtained retrospectively from the hospital database.ResultsThe prevalence of MPMTs in this study was 0.99% (152/15398): 51 cases were synchronous MPMTs, and 101 cases were metachronous MPMTs. The mean time between the first and second primary cancer was 43.1 months. In this population, MPMTs were observed more frequently in patients with head and neck tumors (5.65%) and urinary tumors (4.19%); the prevalence of MPMTs in these patients was over 4-fold greater than the prevalence of MPMTs in all patients (0.99%). There were no cases of MPMTs in 132 cases of nervous system tumors and 404 cases of multiple myeloma. Nearly 50% (45.4%) of patients with MPMTs did not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy before the second primary cancer was diagnosed. Eighty-five patients with MPMTs were followed for more than 2 years, and the 2-year cumulative survival rate was 40.8%.ConclusionsIn this study, the prevalence of MPMTs was 0.99% (152/15398), which is consistent with the Chinese literature. Patients with head and neck tumors or urinary tumors are at greater risk of developing MPMTs. In addition to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, this study suggests that other factors may contribute to MPMTs.
Highlights
The life expectancy of patients with malignant tumors has increased in recent years as treatment options have improved
There were no cases of multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) in 132 cases of nervous system tumors and 404 cases of multiple myeloma
The prevalence of MPMTs was 0.99% (152/15398), which is consistent with the Chinese literature
Summary
The life expectancy of patients with malignant tumors has increased in recent years as treatment options have improved. With increased numbers of cured patients and long-term survivors, the risk of developing multiple primary malignant tumors is increasing. The term “multiple primary malignant tumors” was first used by Billroth in 1889, and the first paper describing MPMTs was published by Warren and Gates in 1932[2]. MPMTs are defined as two or more independent primary malignancies of different histologies/origins in the same individual. The incidence of MPMTs ranges from 0.4% to 21.0% [3,4,5,6] in various studies and different countries. Different factors have been suggested to explain the increased risk of a new malignant tumor in cancer patients, including exposure to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We analyzed the etiology, clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with MPMTs and examined the treatment factors associated with MPMTs
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