Clinical & Demographical Status of Hospitalized and Non-Hospitalized Covid-19 Cases: A Multicenter Hospital Based Study in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on global health, with millions of individuals affected by the viral infection. Among the vulnerable populations, diabetic patients face a higher risk of severe illness and complications when exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Bangladesh, like many other countries, has witnessed a significant number of COVID-19 cases, raising concerns about the management and outcomes of diabetic patients during this pandemic. This study highlights clinical and demographical experiences in hospitalized and non-hospitalized covid-19 patients in Bangladesh. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was from May 2021 to August 2022. Five selected government hospitals and six private hospitals located in the Dhaka Division were included in this study. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Results: Data of 416 non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were recorded and analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 44.42 ± 14.20 year with 336 males and 80 females. Comorbidities were present of which hypertension 38.5%, diabetes 32.7%. A significant proportion of patients had symptomatic such as fever 92.3%, dry cough 88.5%, loss of taste 48.07%, loss of smell 50.96% was the most common. Majority of the patients were managed with supportive treatment with paracetamol 38.46%, antihistamine 76.9%, oral vitamin-c 83.65%, and antibiotics 67.30%. It took an average of 12-14 days for them to become negative. And hospitalized patients, of whom 131 were males and 53 were female. Overall mean age was 45.12±13.80 years. They have some kind of comorbidities present like diabetes mellitus 45.65%, hypertension 56.52%, hyperlipidemia 17.39%, coronary heart disease 21.73% etc. In addition, they have taken some medicine as per the doctors advise such as paracetamol 45.65%, antihistamine 63.04, oral vitamin c 69.56%, antibiotics 58.69%, antifungal 45.6% and oxygen therapy 28 (15.21%). Some changed laboratory parameters were observed. Conclusion: We concluded that laboratory results from non-hospitalized patients did not show any major alterations or abnormalities, but laboratory results from hospitalized patients did show substantial changes. There is a post-COVID-19 tiredness warning for them.