Abstract
AimsThe study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Clindamycin (CL) resistance and antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) in Southwestern Uganda.Study DesignLaboratory based cross sectional study.Place and Duration of the StudyThe study was conducted at the Microbiology department of Mbarara Regional referral hospital between November 2012 and December 2013.MethodologyIn our study, we recruited 300 S. aureus isolates that were stored in the laboratory and were obtained from different clinical samples. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by phenotypic methods and for the genotypic expression of Macrolide Lincosamide StreptograminB (MLSB) resistance genes (ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA). The D-test was also performed.ResultsPhenotypically, a total of 109 (36%) S. aureus isolates were resistant to CL, of which 9 (3%) were constitutively resistant while 100 (33.3%) were inducibly resistant. Genotypicaly, 134/300 (44.7%) isolates possessed at least one of the MLSB resistance genes. 23/300 (7.7%) tested positive for ermB, 98/300 (32.7%) tested positive for the ermC and 43/300 (14.3%) tested positive for the msrA genes with none possessing the ermA gene. Isolates were highly resistant to Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, Erythromycin and Oxacillin with moderate resistance to Vancomycin and Imipenem and least resistance to LinezolidConclusionS. aureus resistance to CL was high in this set up. There was also high resistance to Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, Erythromycin and Oxacillin but low resistance to Linezolid.
Highlights
1.1 BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common cause of both community and nosocomial acquired infections ranging from minor skin infections to life threatening conditions such as endocarditis, pneumonia and septicaemia
Phenotypically, a total of 109 (36%) S. aureus isolates were resistant to CL, of which 9 (3%) were constitutively resistant while 100 (33.3%) were inducibly resistant
S. aureus resistance to CL was high in this set up
Summary
1.1 BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common cause of both community and nosocomial acquired infections ranging from minor skin infections to life threatening conditions such as endocarditis, pneumonia and septicaemia. Increasing antimicrobial drug resistance in S. aureus is one of the major concerns [1]. Meticillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been considered a nosocomial pathogen and vancomycin considered as drug of choice. Vancomycin usage is associated with considerable side effects and cost. Unlike hospital acquired MRSA, the Community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) are known to be sensitive to drugs other than vancomycin, such as, ciprofloxacin, sulphamethoxazoletrimethoprim (SXT) and clindamycin (CL). Fewer severe side effects, availability of oral and parenteral forms, lack of need for renal adjustments, good tissue penetration and ability to directly inhibit toxin production are the advantages of CL. Because of an increased use of CL, development of resistance especially inducible resistance has emerged and this has caused a major burden to its usage
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
